Awakn Life Sciences has entered into a new collaboration with Graft Polymer to advance its New Chemical Entity (NCE) programme, developing novel molecules for innovative addiction and mental health treatments.
Both MDMA and ketamine have been showing promise as innovative mental health treatments for conditions such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD. However, these treatments can take hours to administer and use up high amounts of staff resources.
Awakn’s new collaboration with biopolymer drug delivery systems company Graft Polymer (LON: GPL) will be harnessing Graft Polymer’s expertise to develop Awakn’s Aminoindane NCE programme.
LSE-listed Graft Polymer develops biopolymer drug delivery systems and has a proprietary patented platform – a bioabsorbable self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS), which represents a cutting-edge solution in drug delivery technology.
The NCE programme aims to reduce the time the therapies last, improve accessibility and reduce strains on healthcare resources.
Professor David Nutt, Chief Research Officer at Awakn Life Sciences and Senior Scientific Advisor for Graft Polymer, sat down with Psychedelic Health to tell us more.
Helping transformative mental health therapies reach patients
The new collaboration will see an initial phase focused on completing pre-clinical research activities, and Graft Polymer will contribute £300,000 along with its expertise in novel drug delivery systems in a bid to enhance bioavailability and improve the pharmacokinetics of the Aminoindane NCEs.
“We’ve been working on programmes to try to see if we can improve acute, rapid-acting treatments with ketamine and with MDMA,” explained Professor Nutt.
“There are two ways to do that. One is to develop new molecules, which is complex and expensive and needs a lot of investment. The other is to see if we can improve on the kinetics, and there are different ways of doing that.
“You can get different routes – you can go through sublingually, you can go through buccally, you could go through the skin. But those different approaches need different formulations. Graph Polymer has a nanosphere formulation that they develop, which might begin to minimize some of the peripheral metabolism of both currently existing molecules, and you could potentially reformulate MDMA or ketamine.
“If you develop new molecules, you want to optimize the kinetics, and that technology can be very helpful.”
“Optimising ketamine to make sure you get the optimal duration, speed of onset, speed of offset, and functional occupation of the brain, that’s never been done before.”
“MDMA is less challenging because currently, the MDMA treatment takes all day.
“If you’re giving someone MDMA therapy for PTSD, they come in at nine, they get the medicine at 10, and they don’t leave till five or six. That’s hugely tiring for the patient. It’s stressful for the therapists, because you have got to have someone present all the time, and no one knows whether that’s optimal.”
Reducing the time these treatments take will enable the scale-up of psychedelic therapy, allowing more patients to be treated, as well as improving the therapy’s safety due to less exposure time to the compounds.
Using Graft Polymer’s technology, which integrates active pharmaceutical ingredients into novel, patented delivery systems, the collaboration aims to to improve the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and stability of MDMA and ketamine.
“We’re certainly going to be aiming to improve tolerability as well as the kinetics gap, but the scalability of MDMA therapy is the biggest challenge,” added Professor Nutt.
“The other way is to look at therapies which can be given in groups. You can do four or five people at the time, so you might get it down from 10 hours with one person, to to three hours with 10 people.
“Then we can begin to see how to approach the public health issue of trauma.”
Accelerating psychedelic therapies in the UK
The UK is currently facing a mental health crisis with one in six people in the UK living with some form of mental health condition, and with suicide being the leading cause of death in men under 50.
Equally, with unprecedented waiting times for therapy and no innovation in mental health treatments since the advent of SSRIs, there is a desperate need for new and effective mental health therapies.
Historically, the UK has been a leader in psychedelic research and remains so today, with multiple research institutions and companies developing cutting-edge treatments. However, current regulatory barriers are making it difficult to bring psychedelic therapies to UK patients.
“The problem we have in the UK is that we’ve got great science, but in terms of rolling it from the research lab into clinical treatment is proving quite difficult. However, we now have a new government, so there’s a chance for things to change,” commented Professor Nutt.
“Up to now, the decision-making about so-called “illegal” drugs has been driven almost completely by the Home Office which has wanted to stop people using these drugs recreationally. That has impeded research.
“I hope the new government will be much more open-minded because there is very little evidence that current drug laws stop use. However, they certainly stop research. There are around six universities that have got a license to work with these drugs clinically and we’ve got to change that.”
Nutt highlights that the compounds in Awakn’s NCE programme are not controlled drugs, providing huge advantages in terms of both the costs of development and the costs of rolling the therapies out, as well as making it easier for hospitals to pharmacies to hold the compounds.
“There’s a huge amount of pressure developing now to, at the very least, get the scheduling altered so that researchers can really go ahead and find out the real potential of these therapies,” added Professor Nutt.
“We have a crisis but people are not looking at solutions to the crisis. Psychedelics, entactogens, they are much more powerful treatments for trauma disorders than anything we’ve ever had, and we should be investing heavily in them and facilitating the research.”
“At Awakn, we are hoping that the governments will see the light. If you look back 20 years, there were no companies in this space. Now, there are probably worldwide, 40 to 50 companies.
“The door is open for the UK if we want to walk through it. We could be innovative. We should. Whether we will, that’s a political, not a scientific decision.”
With the upcoming decision on Lykos Therapeutics (formerly MAPS Public Benefit Corporation) MDMA therapy from the US FDA later this month, the outcome may hugely influence decisions by policymakers elsewhere in the world, including the UK.
“I think the MHRA would be reluctant to be the first in the world to fully approve. If the FDA supports it, that will give the whole field an enormous boost, because the current MAPS therapy works. Now all we have got to do is optimize it.”
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