I typically write about psilocybin, the hallucinogenic compound in mushrooms. But mushrooms have many more interesting properties than just psilocybin.
There are well over 14,000 species of mushroom-producing fungi that have been identified so far. It is believed that many more exist and have yet to be discovered. In 2017, an article in Microbiology Spectrum estimates that there are between 2.2 and 3.8 million different species of fungi.
Functional mushrooms are a category of mushrooms that have been traditionally used for their health benefits.
They have been incorporated into Eastern medicine for thousands of years, especially in Asian cultures. These mushrooms are not your typical culinary mushrooms. They are often found in supplements, teas or other preparations to be used for health-enhancing benefits.
Popular Functional Mushrooms
Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)
Known as the “mushroom of immortality,” reishi mushrooms are often used for immune support and to promote relaxation.
Reishi mushrooms may positively affect white blood cells, a critical part of your immune system. A 2006 study found that ingesting reishi could increase the number of white blood cells in those with colorectal cancer.
They were also shown to improve the function of lymphocytes in athletes when they are exposed to stressful conditions.
Reishi mushrooms may also reduce fatigue and depression.
Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus)
This pom-pom shaped mushroom is native to North America, Asia and Europe.
It is recognized for its potential neuroprotective effects, protecting nerves from disease or decline.
Lion’s mane has also been studied for its effect on neurons, and has gained the title “the smart mushroom” due to its potential to boost cognitive function and minimize brain fog.
It may also have potential benefits in addressing the cognitive decline associated with conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The bioactive compounds in Lion’s mane, hericenones and erinacines, may promote the production of growth factors and protect against brain damage.
Chaga (Inonotus obliquus)
Chaga is a black, parasitic mushroom, which looks like a lump of burnt coal.
It’s high in fiber, low in calories, but rich in minerals and vitamins.
Chaga has been used to treat diabetes, parasites, tuberculosis, and inflammation.
The oldest reference to the use of chaga mushrooms as a medicine comes from Hippocrates in his Corpus Hippocraticum, in which chaga is used to wash wounds.
For medical treatment, chaga is usually ground to a fine powder and made into a tea for its antioxidant properties and immune support.
Cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis)
Fortunately, not the Cordyceps that infect the brains of mankind in the popular The Last of Us series.
Though creepy to look at, Cordyceps is a fungus that lives on certain caterpillars in the high mountain regions of China.
It is traditionally used to boost energy and improve athletic performance.
Cordyceps is believed to increase the flow of oxygenated blood throughout the body, boost metabolic rates, increase stamina and help muscle recovery.
Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor)
Turkey tail is valued for its immune-boosting properties, specifically its medicinal properties as an antitumor, antimicrobial, immunostimulant and antioxidant.
It is also believed to improve bone strength and regulate blood glucose.
And some report that turkey tail can prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and protect against age-related cognitive decline.
Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)
Apart from being a popular culinary mushroom, shiitake is also known for its immune-modulating effects.
Traditional Chinese medicine considered shiitake a food that enhances vital energy. It is a great source of nutrients, high in protein, low in fat, and contains iron, calcium, zinc, along with vitamins B, E and D.
Easily accessible at any grocery store or market, shiitake mushrooms can be prepared to eat, or taken as a supplement for its functional properties.
What are some popular functional mushroom products?
You may have seen Ultimate Shrooms in your local health store. It’s a product that contains Cordyceps, Reishi, Chaga, Lion’s mane, Turkey Tail, Maitake, Shiitake and Oyster mushrooms.
Live Ultimate, the brand behind Ultimate Schrooms recommend adding two tablespoons with a full glass of water, juice or smoothie in the morning on an empty stomach.
Mushroom Coffee is also gaining popularity, like the product Four Sigmatic which contains Chaga and Lion’s Mane.
Some functional mushrooms, like Reishi, are less appetizing when eaten in their natural form. Thus people have begun consuming them in a power form, adding them to smoothies, teas and coffee, to improve the taste.
Functional mushrooms can offer a wide range of health benefits, though it’s essential to purchase mushrooms from a reputable source, and understand their proper preparation. Not all claims for health benefits have been substantiated by clinical trials.
It is also important to consult a healthcare professional before incorporating functional mushrooms into your diet and routine, especially for those with pre-existing medical conditions.
This article was first published on Nina’s Notes and is republished on Psychedelic Health with permission.
